Table 4

Kakwani's Indices on different adult equivalence scales and different economies of scale

Case
Adult equivalent scale
Economies of scale
Kakwani's indices







Direct taxes
Indirect taxes
EPF and SOCSO
Private insurance
Out-of-pocket payments

1
0.5
1
0.3952
-0.0779
0.0811
0.2934
0.1043
2
0.5
0.75
0.3951
-0.0766
0.0811
0.2884
0.1034
3
0.5
0.5
0.3825
-0.0750
0.0813
0.2826
0.1021
4
0.4
0.75
0.3950
-0.0778
0.0813
0.2932
0.1042
5
0.3
0.75
0.4001
-0.0789
0.0802
0.2980
0.1047
Range of indices from Case 1
± 0.01
± 0.01
± 0.01
± 0.01
± 0.01

Yu et al. International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:15   doi:10.1186/1475-9276-7-15