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The basis of derivation of Health Payment Measures |
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| Health payment measures |
Basis of derivation from the survey |
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| Direct taxes |
Represented by expenditure on income tax. |
| Indirect taxes |
Estimated expenditure on sales taxes. Sales taxes estimated from household expenditure (on rates ranging from 5% to 15% depending on the types of goods). |
| Contributions to EPF and SOCSO |
Represented by the summation of employee's and employer's contributions to EPF, SOCSO and others. |
| Private insurance premiums |
Reported expenditure on accident and health insurance premiums. |
| Out-of-pocket payments |
Reported expenditure on pharmaceutical products, therapeutic appliances and equipments, medical and dental services, and hospital services and treatments. |
Yu et al. International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:15 doi:10.1186/1475-9276-7-15 |
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