Table 4

Estimates of the expenditure elasticity of demand for prescription drugs

Paper
Type of cost sharing
Expenditure elasticity

Contayannis et al. [107] (CA, NS, CD, R)
Change from co-payment to co-insurance
-0.16 to -0.12
Klick and Stratmann [25] (US, OS, CD, R)
Mixed system
-1.07
Phelps and Newhouse [122] (CA/UK, OS, CD, NR)
Co-insurance
-0.07a
Smart and Stabile [100] (CA, NS, CD, R)
Mixed system
-0.29 to -0.28
Van Vliet [97] (NE, OS, CD, R)
Deductible
-0.06
Van Vliet [98] (NE, OS, CD, R)
Deductible
-0.08

aunadjusted elasticity estimate (no regression used)

Country: CA = Canada; NE = The Netherlands; UK = United Kingdom; US = United States

Type of study: NS = natural study; OS = observational study

Type of data analyzed: CD = cross-sectional data

Gemmill et al. International Journal for Equity in Health 2008 7:12   doi:10.1186/1475-9276-7-12