Table 5

Under-5 mortality rates per wealth group and Relative Index of Inequality (RII)


Under-5 mortality rates (per 1,000 live births)
95% CI for RII



Country
 Wealth Index
 Poorest
 Second
 Middle
 Fourth
 Richest
 RII
 low
 up
Bolivia
 WB Index
 135.1
 106.0
 93.4
 39.8
 32.2
 6.30
 4.76
 8.34

Index 1
 134.6
 103.0
 96.0
 45.0
 28.8
 6.04
 4.58
 7.97

Index 2
 130.1
 99.3
 94.2
 44.1
 32.7
 5.89
 4.43
 7.83

Index 3
 126.2
 120.7
 92.4
 46.4
 32.7
 5.29 +
 4.02
 6.96
 





Brazil
 WB Index
 89.4
 52.5
 36.2
 26.1
 29.3
 6.41
 4.02
 10.22

Index 1
 88.3
 49.4
 36.6
 27.2
 33.0
 5.55 +
 3.51
 8.78

Index 2
 89.8
 47.7
 38.7
 a
 27.0
 [5.60 +]
 3.66
 8.58

Index 3
 90.6
 47.5
 38.7
 a
 26.8
 [5.71 +]
 3.73
 8.74
 





Cameroon
 WB Index
 160.0
 145.0
 120.3
 102.5
 75.0
 2.84
 2.08
 3.87

Index 1
 174.9
 144.4
 113.1
 95.4
 72.4
 3.34 +
 2.41
 4.61

Index 2
 146.9
 168.0
 115.4
 99.7
 74.4
 2.77
 2.03
 3.78

Index 3
 a
 140.2
 130.6
 78.3
 75.8
 2.78
 2.02
 3.82
 





Chad
 WB Index
 151.8
 207.2
 175.2
 165.0
 155.0
 1.08
 0.91
 1.28

Index 1
 146.8
 186.4
 232.5
 154.4
 153.7
 1.00 ++
 0.85
 1.18

Index 2
 b
 184.6
 b
 157.3
 133.9
 [1.71 ++]
 1.40
 2.10

Index 3
 b
 184.2
 b
 157.4
 132.4
 [1.70 ++]
 1.39
 2.09
 





Indonesia
 WB Index
 97.9
 67.1
 58.0
 44.2
 25.6
 4.65
 3.55
 6.09

Index 1
 94.4
 67.5
 59.6
 42.6
 32.2
 3.89 +
 2.95
 5.14

Index 2
 89.7
 75.3
 62.8
 37.1
 31.5
 3.90 +
 3.03
 5.03

Index 3
 81.2
 82.1
 65.6
 39.4
 31.9
 3.34 ++
 2.61
 4.28
 





Kenya
 WB Index
 128.0
 120.9
 79.3
 72.9
 54.6
 3.29
 2.43
 4.46

Index 1
 126.3
 120.0
 76.3
 86.8
 52.6
 3.10
 2.29
 4.21

Index 2
 112.0
 141.6
 87.8
 106.6
 52.3
 [2.11 ++]
 1.57
 2.82

Index 3
 112.3
 141.1
 84.8
 104.9
 53.1
 [2.00 ++]
 1.50
 2.68
 





Malawi
 WB Index
 220.0
 203.4
 225.5
 214.6
 159.2
 1.31
 1.04
 1.64

Index 1
 193.4
 228.9
 233.4
 216.5
 157.3
 1.17 ++
 0.95
 1.45

Index 2
 259.2
 211.5
 183.9
 211.1
 172.0
 [1.49 ++]
 1.16
 1.90

Index 3
 257.5
 211.2
 a
 167.0
 176.1
 [1.50 ++]
 1.17
 1.91
 





Pakistan
 WB Index
 116.2
 133.8
 120.7
 110.5
 68.7
 1.80
 1.37
 2.37

Index 1
 119.2
 122.4
 134.9
 117.9
 64.9
 1.59 +
 1.22
 2.08

Index 2
 126.6
 117.9
 134.8
 113.8
 69.2
 [1.83 ]
 1.39
 2.42

Index 3
 118.3
 b
 133.3
 99.3
 71.7
 [1.61 +]
 1.22
 2.13
 





Tanzania
 WB Index
 124.2
 162.1
 125.7
 136.2
 85.5
 1.48
 1.20
 1.83

Index 1
 121.4
 157.9
 151.3
 121.1
 86.0
 1.49
 1.21
 1.82

Index 2
 149.6
 b
 133.5
 115.4
 102.5
 [1.91 ++]
 1.51
 2.41

Index 3
 b
 149.3
 132.3
 105.7
 106.9
 [1.82 ++]
 1.44
 2.30
 





Uganda
 WB Index
 162.7
 132.8
 136.0
 134.6
 95.7
 1.72
 1.38
 2.15

Index 1
 157.4
 145.3
 133.6
 129.3
 98.5
 1.76
 1.41
 2.19

Index 2
 157.6
 144.3
 136.3
 126.9
 99.9
 1.77
 1.42
 2.21

Index 3
 157.6
 144.2
 135.2
 130.3
 98.9
 1.76
 1.41
 2.20

Notes: [] RII's in parentheses indicate that results may be an artefact due to combination of population heaping and a non-linear association of under-5 mortality with wealth; a rates are not shown due to small sample size (smaller then 500), referring to the denominator, i.e. live births during the last 10 years preceding the survey; b empty cell due to heaping (see Table 2); + 10–30% change in RII compared to the WB index; ++ >30% change in RII compared to WB index

Houweling et al. International Journal for Equity in Health 2003 2:8   doi:10.1186/1475-9276-2-8

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